Review of - Roses in the River City

On July 20th, Dave Gunn, Missouri Botanical Garden’s Rosarian, presented Roses in the River City. Dave enlighten us with information about recent renovations and future plans of MBG’s rose gardens, complications with growing roses in the Midwest, and varieties old and new that will dispel the myth that roses are fussy.  This article is a review of this presentation.

Roses have been around for close to 5000 years.  They are reliable, bloom from spring to frost, and they are fragrant.

Over the years, people have experienced problems with growing and cultivating roses.   Many problems occur because of the following issues;
-    Wrong Rose in Wrong Place
-    Obsession with showing only “Latest Roses”
-    Using too many chemicals
-    In the Midwest, we also have hot summers, cold winters, and high humidity to deal with.

What can we do?
-    Get the Right Rose for the Right Place
-    Use good horticultural practices
-    Don’t believe the Hype





Some of the fundamentals for cultivating roses;
-    Choose the right location for your rose
-    Buy a Healthy plant from a reputable seller
-    Use Healthy soil for your plant
-    Give your roses adequate water
-    Give your roses appropriate nutrients
-    Put a bit of work into your rose cultivation

Rose Rosette Disease

This disease is spread by eriophyid mites. Most eriophyid mites make their home on the surface of leaves where their feeding can cause bronzing or reddening but some are also responsible for creating galls on leaves or witches-broom on stems and flower buds.

Adult females overwinter in cracks and crevices of twigs and in bud scales. Females lay eggs in the spring. The young insects that hatch from the eggs resemble the adult. Numerous generations are produced each year. They are primarily spread by wind.

There is no scientific evidence that cutting out the affected area will cure this issue.  The best practice is to dig-up and dispose of the affected plant.

Roses Gardens at the Missouri Botanical Garden

The Gladney Rose Garden was overhauled and rebuilt with new healthy rose plants during 2012 and the Lehmann Rose garden was rebuilt during the spring of 2013 using bare root roses.  The Lehmann garden now has Species roses in the lower area, Old Garden Roses (pre 1867) in the middle area, and Modern Roses in the Upper area of the garden.

Roses that do well in our area of the country;

William Radler, based in Wisconsin and concentrating on developing “cold hardy” roses
-    Knockout Roses, Double Knockout, ‘Carefree Sunshine’, ‘Carefree Celebration’

W. Kordes & Sons (German Hybridizer), their roses are bomb proof, disease resistant, and vigorous
-    ‘Rosanna’ climber, ‘Larissa’ floribunda rose, ‘Winter Sun’

Dr. Griffith Buck, based at Iowa State University developed disease resistant and cold hardy roses
-    ‘Quietness’, ‘Perlie Mae’, Prairie Harvest’

Meilland International from France created ‘Peace’ in 1945 to commemorate WWII.  Their products are sold thru Conard Pyle/ Star Roses in the USA
-    Drift series roses  ‘Sunshine Daydream’, ‘Peach Drift’ is a groundcover

David Austin, based in England, specializes in old garden roses that are perpetually blooming and hardy like modern roses
-    ‘Lady of Shalott’ , ‘Princess Alexandra of Kent’, ‘ Sharifa Asma’, ‘ Strawberry Hill’

Ping Lim, from Bailey’s Nursery with roses known for their superior disease resistance
-    ‘Music Box’, ‘Kiss Me’, ‘My Girl’

Other miscellaneous favorite roses are;
-    ‘Touch of Class’, ‘Granada’, ‘Queen Elizabeth’, ‘ Louise Odier’, ‘Alba Maxima’, ‘Julie Child’, ‘Petal Pushers’, ‘Chrysler Imperial’, ‘Mister Lincoln’

We also reviewed one of the beautiful Species roses - Rosa setigea, a Climbing Prairie Rose.

Questions addressed;

Rose Amendments;
-    Compost, horse manure, and chicken soup for roses (organic minerals)
-    Irrigation overhead in the morning so plants dry during the day
-    Keep center open to help alleviate black spot. You can also peel leaves with black spot

Pruning Shrub Roses;
-    Keep the shrub open and prune from the bottom-up

Use of sustainable methods;
-    The garden has stopped using wood mulch and now uses leaf mulch on the rose beds.  This method results in less weeds and ability to hold more moisture.

We really appreciate Dave Gunn’s excellent presentation on Roses at our July meeting.  His knowledge and expertise will definitely enrich the roses at MOBOT and help them evolve and grow to their former glory.

-by Lynn Slackman

Presidents Message - Summer 2014

July 8, 2014

Our beloved daffodil is but a faded memory along with the foliage.  One would think that we would be completely done with any thought of daffodils, but contrare.   GSLDS’s schedule is just heatin’ up along with the summer.  Our upcoming events include our summer meeting with David Gunn, Rosarian of the Missouri Botanical Garden.  Although daffodils maybe most of our members favorite, we all covet many other plants including roses.  Attend the July 20, 2014 meeting to learn more about roses. 

In August, the Haeffner’s will be hosting the 7th GSLDS daffodil bulb cleaning.  Yes, we are a group that not only loves to play in dirt, but clean and play with daffodil bulbs.  Who doesn’t love to slip the skins of bulbs down to the smooth, caramel color?    The cleaning event serves several purposes, the obvious is cleaning and preparing for the upcoming bulb sales of the fall, but also the social aspect, we all enjoy visiting while we work.  The carry in lunch is always a culinary delight, members bringing special dishes enjoyed by all!  Looking forward to the upcoming months to meet and see each other again.

Cindy Haeffner
President, Greater St Louis Daffodil Society

She turned to the sunlight

She turned to the sunlight
And shook her yellow head,
And whispered to her neighbor:
“Winter is dead.”  ---A.A. Milne

By William Cole

Goodbye snow and icy sheen, welcome sunshine and the garden queen.

'Confidential' Daffodil

Yes, daffodils along with roses held a place of royalty in the England of my childhood.  I well remember the public rapture over daffodils that filled town halls and tents at fetes and shows each spring.  Visitors ranging from coalminers to clerics, their faces whitened by sunless winter, would stand transfixed, staring in hushed silence before these carpets of yellow. They would lean to within inches of the blooms to examine perfectly formed trumpets and petals, looking for they knew not what. The air was heavy with an exquisite scent, and whispered fascination.

Few but the exhibiters were familiar with the hybridization and nurturing of these gorgeous blooms.  All we knew is that we wanted to accept William Wordsworth’s invitation to: “Come visit me sometime. My flowers would like to meet you.”

Later, as an apprentice reporter on a weekly newspaper in Hertfordshire – one of what they call the home counties near London -- it was my job to attend these daffodil shows, pick up a list of winners and write a report for the paper. And while routine might best describe my results-heavy accounts, there was nothing unmoving about the blooms that inspired them.

'American Idol' Daffodil

I had fallen hard for daffodils during that time in the 1960s. Gardening was and is an English obsession.  Daffodils and other flowers could be found on every scrap of ground whether it be in small rented gardening allotments of the not-so-affluent or the sweeping estates of the aristocracy.  People with no land grew flowers in window boxes, even soap boxes.

Former Beatle George Harrison may have startled his American fans when he said, “I’m not really a career person. I’m a gardener basically.”  And he proved it by turning the grounds at his country mansion into a masterful showplace.

There are thousands of gardening amateurs like him, me included in a less ambitious way.  Though not a particularly knowledgeable gardener, I’ve always had what might be considered run-of-the-mill daffodils on my property.  But I became familiar with more elaborate species by spending hours strolling through the parks and gardens that dot the English countryside. I visited the famous Kew Gardens and much later the incredible Missouri Botanical Garden.

'Cedar Hills' Daffodil

Regrettably, my close association with what I now know to be Narcissus went on pause for many years. That is until Feb 12, 2013 when I found myself at a Master Gardeners meeting in Owensville, Mo., on Feb 12, 2013. There I watched an illustrated presentation by Cynthia Haeffer, the illustrious president of the St. Louis Daffodil Society, about a trip she had made to New Zealand to view an aficionado’s amazing garden.

I was so impressed that not long afterwards I joined the society and began my first venture into what for me was the complex world of hybridized daffodils.  The society’s Bulb Exchange in the fall propelled me into paying attention to the various divisions and varieties of bulbs and recording and planting the ones I had selected.

How did I arrive at my novice picks? Well, I’ll admit to shamelessly leaning on the phenomenal knowledge and experience of Jason Delaney and David Niswonger.  I paid careful attention to Jason’s descriptions of the available bulbs and I parked myself next to Dave during the exchange to observe and to seek advice on the kind of bulbs he would recommend.

'Bald Eagle' Daffodil

I did have some general ideas about the colors and divisions that appealed to me – the white and pink of Phantom, the all-white Bald Eagle and the pale yellow and white Smooth Trumpet; the miniature multi-headed blooms of Kokopelli and Suzy; the dramatic orange-and-yellow contrasts of Tom Terrific and Menehay; and the pure yellow appeal of Confidential and Crackington.

How did I do when spring arrived?  Moderately well for a first-timer, I’d say.  I got to see blooms from just about all the bulbs I had planted. Though I didn’t have the expertise to judge the blooms’ formations, I knew which ones appealed to me simply by color and beauty.

Several of them produced only one bloom, most notably my Phantoms even though I had plenty of them planted in various areas of my yard.  Only three bulbs produced no blooms. They were: Waynes World and Mike Pollack, which would have had yellow petals and orange cups; and the above-mentioned Crackington, which produced buds that never came to fruition, probably frozen by our severe winter.

'Judea' Daffodil

Most unfortunately, only two of the five classic bulbs that I got at the event came to bloom. Mara, Gunsynd and Ida Mae produced foliage but no flowers.  But Judea, with its long pale yellow cup and dramatic white petals, and Merlin, with its small yellow and red trumpet and large white petals, were well worth the wait. 

I bought metal markers from Jason to identify my plants, and Cynthia graciously printed out some waterproof labels to attach to them. I even had a couple of passers-by stop to look at my daffodils and compliment me on my efforts.

'Kareka' Daffodil

However, nothing is more frustrating than compromising one’s own efforts by making the simplest of mistakes through inattention and inexperience. In order to spruce up my yard, I decided showcase my daffodils by manicuring the grass with my riding mower.  My pride turned to dismay when I noticed small flecks of grass on some of my blooms. And I couldn’t remove them without risking damage to some of my favorites, Smooth Trumpet in particular.

Moreover, I wanted to catalogue my blooms by shooting high-resolution photos of each of them. I often wondered why some members of the society had invested in larger cameras with traditional lenses and viewfinders. Now I know.  It’s virtually impossible to properly focus a small digital camera, especially with a bright sun shining on the large panel viewfinder. Such photography, I discovered, is largely guesswork.

Additionally, I failed to check the resolution of the images once they were in my camera. Shots that appeared to be acceptable in the viewfinder appeared horribly out of focus or overexposed once they were enlarged.

However, that kind of painful experience serves to prevent such oversights in the future.

'Menehay' Daffodil

In short, mine was a great spring for a novice. Each of my blooms was a revelation, a thrill, providing a much-needed escape from winter’s darkness, and providing me with the energy to work toward greater results next year. 

It’s not hard to understand why daffodils can make poets of all of us.

“O Lovestar of the unbeloved March,” wrote Sir Aubrey de Vere many years ago, marveling at daffodils pushing through the snow. 

Lovestar indeed!  If only we could gaze upon you all year long.

'Lost in Flora' Daffodil

'Traveling On' Daffodil

Daffodils that William selected at the 2014 Bulb Exchange are listed below;

Ida Mae 2W-OOY 1968	Merlin 3W-YYR 1956	Gunsynd 2Y-OOR 1966 Wm Jackson/Aust.
MIKE POLLACK 8Y-R	WILD TURKEY 1Y-R	CRACKINGTON 4Y-Y
MARA 9W-YYO 1961	JUDEA 2W-P 1968 O’More	LOST IN FLORA 2W-WPP
TWILIGHT ZONE 2YYW-WWY	THREE OAKS 1W-Y	OREGON PIONEER 2Y-P
TOM TERRIFIC (INT.) 11aY-O	SUZY 7Y-O	SANDY COVE 2Y-GWP
BALD EAGLE 2W-W	DYNASTY 2Y-R	WAYNE’S WORLD 6Y-O
IVORY GOLD 1W-O	KAREKA 2W-Y	QUEEN’S GUARD 1W-Y
CAROLINA GOLD 2Y-O	CEDAR HILLS 3W-GYY	SMOOTH TRUMPET 1W-Y
KOKOPELLI 7Y-Y	TRAVELING ON 2YYW-WYO	AMERICAN IDOL 2W-R
MENAHAY 11aY-O	CONFIDENTIAL 2Y-Y	PHANTOM 11aW-P
UNCLE REMUS 1Y-O

2014 Volunteer Dedication Award

Every year the Missouri Botanical Garden honors it's volunteers with a nice reception and awards event.  This year the Dedication Award was given to Lynn Slackman, past President of the Greater St Louis Daffodil Society and current Marketing/PR Chairperson for the American Daffodil Society.

The Dedication Award is bestowed to a volunteer who comes in on a regular basis each week and is conscientious about the tasks performed, accepting assignments that are not major undertakings but are essential to the program.

Lynn Slackman with awards vase

The following write-up was read by Lynn's horticulture supervisors, Sophia Warsh and Sara Murphy, at the awards ceremony;
Lynn volunteers in the North Gardens and is also a Garden Docent.  She has been a Garden volunteer for 18 years.  In the Bulb Gardens, Lynn has worked specifically on the annual labeling of the Lilium collection.  Because of her in-depth knowledge of lilies, she is one of the only volunteers who can assist in this capacity.  She has also helped with transplanting lilies and has introduced new techniques for staking lilies and other bulbs.  Lynn is thoughtful and inquisitive and has been especially supportive of some of the new collections development projects that demand a lot of prep work before the results are apparent.  She is the official Chair for the 2016 World Daffodil Convention that will take place in St. Louis.  Lynn's wide-ranging activities make her a great Garden ambassador.

Lynn was surprised and honored to receive this prestigious award, and looks forward to continuing her volunteer efforts at the Missouri Botanical Garden.

Collaboration Produces Colorful Palette

Do you sometimes catch yourself wondering, “Would a massed daffodil planting work there?”

I was caught up in this thought several times when departing the parking lot at the Gasconade County RII School, where my Master Gardener classes are held.  Directly across from the Owensville High School, on MO Hwy 19 stretches a very nice, slightly sloping right-of-way, which ironically happens to be comprised of very good soil not typically found in Gasconade County.  What a perfect location for a mass of daffodils.

Upon contacting the Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) to discuss planting this area, I was informed that such a planting met the criteria for a MoDOT Growing Together beautification program.  So, I met with our local MoDOT road supervisor to discuss the current mowing practices and schedule, the feasibility of such a planting and where a sign could be placed to recognize the planting,  should it occur (currently, MoDOT has a mandatory seasonal mowing of 15ft from the road’s edge by May 31, with the remainder of the right-of-way getting mowed after  July 1, to provide the necessary habitat for ground-nesting birds).  The delayed mowing area was an ideal location for the planting site, as it would provide the daffodil foliage ample time to mature for next year’s bloom.  An application was submitted and eventually approved, the site was planted, and a sign was erected honoring the Greater St. Louis Daffodil Society, the Gasconade County Masters Gardeners Association, and the Owensville High School horticulture classes, each of whom played an integral role in the endeavor.

Fulfilling a community outreach clause in our organization’s by-laws, the Greater St. Louis Daffodil Society provided the bulbs used for the display, procuring them from local Midwest daffodil growers Oakwood Daffodils, in Michigan, and PHS Daffodils, in Missouri.  The Gasconade County Master Gardeners Association also has a goal to support the local community through volunteering. The hours earned by planting were eagerly put toward maintaining the Master Gardeners’ required yearly hours.  And Ms. Sherry Byrnam’s horticulture classes at the Owensville High School provided much enthusiastic support with students planting and working very efficiently to complete the project (as it turned out, a day out of the classroom to plant daffodils was really a lot of fun!).

Everyone involved enjoyed the project, and the community now reaps the benefits with a colorful palette of springtime daffodils for many years to come.

Bloom results from planting

For more information on how you can support the roadside planting, please contact the Greater Saint Louis Daffodil Society (www.stldaffodilclub.org) or the Gasconade County Master Gardener’s Association.

This article also appeared in the 2013 Summer Edition of The Daffodil Rave newsletter.

By Cindy Haeffner, President, Greater Saint Louis Daffodil Society
Member of Gasconade County Master Gardeners

Kentucky Daffodil Road Trip

This year we had the opportunity to visit with Tim and Heather Brown, in Wickliffe, KY at their 343 acres of property in 3 tracts on land. Daffodils and other horticultural plants have been planted on all 3 tracts. Most of the daffodils are located on the farm, where Tim and Heather reside, but a decent amount of daffodils are also planted on a second tract close by. Their 3rd tract of land was acquired 2 years ago.

Daffodil plantings are small by comparison, as his property has been mostly landscaped for the use of deer and turkey. In general Tim has planted loads of trees and shrubs for wildlife, including ornamental, as wells as fruit and nut production.

There are 7 fishing ponds on the property along with 4 more ponds, mostly for minnow production. The Brown’s started planting daffodils in the fall of 1999, and stopped counting them once they hit 30,000.  They estimate approximately 650 different varieties are planted on the property. 

We really appreciate that the Brown's took the time to show us around their carefully planted property that is full of amazing horticultural wonder.

Annual Daffodil Dig Day

Members of the Greater St. Louis Daffodil Society had a rather unique event scheduled on Tuesday, April 8, 2014.  While many seasoned members have experienced this dig, our club has many new members and we would like to encourage them to attend.  Further explanation about this opportunity  follows:

“The Missouri Botanical Garden’s land purchase in 1925 began the legacy of Shaw Nature Reserve. Originally set up as a safe refuge for the plant collection from the city’s smoke pollution of the 1920’s, its role in the community has evolved through the years. Shaw Nature Reserve has many roles—as a nature reserve, a place to walk and hike, and a good spot for relaxing and for studying nature. It has become a premier educational, research and habitat restoration and reconstruction site.

Over the years, tens of thousands of school children and adults have learned more about nature and the environment by observation and through the guidance of Shaw Nature Reserve’s educational and professional staff. Teachers themselves come to improve their teaching of ecological principles as well as to gain a greater appreciation of the natural world. In recognition of its worth as an educational resource, the Reserve was designated a National Environmental Education Landmark by the U.S. Secretary of the Interior in 1972.

St. Louis is one of very few metropolitan regions that can boast of a 2,441-acre natural asset such as Shaw Nature Reserve so near its city-based parent organization, the world-famous Missouri Botanical Garden.

Through ecological restoration, the Shaw Nature Reserve is re-establishing and maintaining native biological diversity. Protected natural areas today are small and scattered compared to the land area occupied by natural ecosystems in the past. Natural processes and disturbances which once maintained biodiversity — climate, wildfire, animal migrations, burrowing, grazing, etc. —  now function differently than did in the past. In addition, importation of invasive species and many other human activities have replaced natural ecosystems with biologically impoverished "human-made habitats."

Shaw Nature Reserve strives to restore or create habitats for as many Missouri native species of flora and fauna as possible. Management practices are undertaken with the ecological aim of creating self-sustaining healthy populations of native species, while taking into account educational, interpretive and aesthetic considerations.”

But what about the daffodils, you ask?

“There are likely millions of daffodils blooming around the Shaw Nature Reserve's Pinetum Lake and the one-mile road encircling it beginning in late March/early April each year, and beyond into the Reserve.  Many varieties of Narcissus have been accumulating around the Pinetum Lake for the biggest part of the 88 years the Reserve has been in existence.

Daffodils got their start at the Nature Reserve through the efforts of Mr. John Rowe who lived and farmed close to the town of Pacific, Missouri. He was an amateur propagator of daffodils as well as of nuts, fruits, vegetables, and other flowering bulbs. Mr. Howe brought a bushel of daffodil bulbs to the Reserve to share during its fledgling years when the earliest planting was being done. Upon seeing Mr. Rowe's basket of bulbs, Dr. Edgar Anderson, then Curator of Useful Plants at Missouri Botanical Garden, wanted to know who produced these masterpieces of horticulture.

Dr. Anderson had the bulbs planted around Pinetum Lake where they are still the core of the naturalized bulb plantings at Shaw Nature Reserve. Although John Howe was an amateur gardener without formal horticultural training, learned gardeners, botanists, and directors of famous botanical institutions contacted him to see his collections and to ask his advice.

Dr. Anderson was especially fond of daffodils and devoted much time and energy to both the Botanical Garden's and the Shaw Nature Reserve's collections. Fortunately he had plenty of narcissi or daffodils to work with. At regular intervals after Mr. Howe's bulbs were first put in place, hundreds of additional varieties from the newest to the classic standards of the day were planted. The plantings were carefully studied, especially during the period 1938 and 1942. The goal was to have a continuous display of color lasting for a full two months using a mixture of early to late blooming varieties.”

In recent years, Shaw Nature Reserve has entered a partnership the Missouri Department of Conservation to begin restoring native prairies.  Part of this process includes controlled burns, which brings back the seed bank still there.  The goal is to return the habitat to the original, pre-European landscapes of native plants.  Being that daffodils are introduced plants into the North American flora, all daffodils beyond the Pinetum area need to be removed.  This benefits not only the prairie restorations, but also our ability to acquire rare, unique, and lovely daffodils for our own gardens.

Lucky for us, we not only are adept at digging daffodils, we also have Jason Delaney of MOBOT.  This allows us special access one time a year to rescue as many daffodils as we wish within our designated digging zones.  Members are encouraged to dig, share, and enjoy as many as you can.  We like to think of it as a “daffodil dig party/social event”, and has become one of the favorite events of the year!!!!!

 Compiled by Jason Delaney & Cindy Haeffner